On the Test Score Gap between Roma and Non‐Roma Students in Hungary and Its Potential Causes
In: Economics of Transition, Volume 24, Issue 1, p. 135-162
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In: Economics of Transition, Volume 24, Issue 1, p. 135-162
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Working paper
In: The B.E. journal of economic analysis & policy, Volume 7, Issue 2
ISSN: 1935-1682
Abstract
Using data on children whose parents lost their jobs during the post-communist transition of Hungary, we address the causal effect of unexpected long-term unemployment of parents on their children's educational achievement. We estimate the effect of the children's age at the time of their parents' job loss on their probability of dropping out of secondary school (an event that follows the parents' job loss by many years). The treatment is an additional year reared in a family with regularly employed parents, which can be interpreted as additional human capital investment. We provide bounding estimates to the causal effect. The estimated bounds are tight, they show a substantial effect, and the effect is significantly stronger for preschool age children than for older ones.
In: NBER Working Paper No. w17614
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In: Journal of economic and social measurement, Volume 45, Issue 3-4, p. 215-236
ISSN: 1875-8932
We document changes in wealth inequality across American households with a member aged 55 or older, comparing data in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) with that in the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) between 1998 and 2016. We examine net wealth including housing, financial and nonfinancial assets and debt, without the cash value of insurances, DB pensions or Social Security wealth. We find very similar distributions of net wealth in the two surveys between the 25th and 90th percentiles, but substantially higher wealth in the SCF at the top of the distribution. Both surveys show an increase in wealth inequality between 1998 and 2016, first mostly due to increased wealth at the top, and, after 2012, due to an increase in the share of households with very little wealth as well. Both surveys agree that wealth inequality by education and race, already substantial in 1998, increased further by 2016.
In: ECB Working Paper No. 1084
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